Digital Self-Management of Symptoms and Quality of Life for Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial
In advanced cancer palliative care, an app with nurse follow-up helped maintain quality of life and reduced unplanned hospital use vs usual care.
*Randomized clinical trial; Level 1b.
*Randomized clinical trial; Level 1b.
Citation
Chan W-L, Soong IS, Lim M-Y, et al. Digital self-management of symptoms and quality of life for patients with advanced cancer: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Network Open. 2026;9(6):e2615509. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.15509
Background
People with advanced cancer often have worsening symptoms between clinic visits, lowering quality of life and increasing unplanned hospital care. Evidence for digital symptom support in community palliative care has been limited.
Patients
1214 community-dwelling adults in Hong Kong with advanced solid cancer who had chosen no further drug cancer treatment, had at least 1 cancer-related symptom, and had smartphone access. Excluded: blood cancers, expected survival under 3 months, inability to consent, or poor functional status (score >3 on the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scale).
Intervention
Weekly symptom reporting via the Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale, automated self-care guidance, and nurse contact within 1 working day for severe symptom alerts, plus usual care.
Control
Usual outpatient palliative care (scheduled visits and nursing support as needed).
Outcome
Primary: change in health-related quality of life by EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level utility (range −0.865 to 1). Secondary: self-efficacy (6-item scale range 1–10) and acute care use.
Follow-up Period
18 weeks
Results
| Outcome | Effect vs usual care |
|---|---|
| EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level utility (primary) | Mean difference in change: 0.15 higher (95% CI, 0.10 to 0.21) |
| EuroQol self-rated health (0–100) | Mean difference in change: 6.09 points higher (95% CI, 3.51 to 8.67) |
| Self-efficacy (1–10) | Mean difference in change: 0.53 higher (95% CI, 0.27 to 0.78) |
| Worsening unplanned hospitalizations (week 18) | Absolute risk reduction 11.3% (28.5% to 17.2%); Number needed to treat: 9 |
| Worsening inpatient days (week 18) | Absolute risk reduction 15.5% (34.0% to 18.5%); Number needed to treat: 7 |
Analyses used intention-to-treat with available data among participants alive at follow-up. A prespecified clinically meaningful difference for EuroQol utility was 0.11; the observed between-group difference exceeded this threshold.
Emergency department visits and functional status did not differ clearly between groups.
Limitations
High attrition from death and loss to follow-up limits certainty and may affect who contributed outcomes at 18 weeks. Participants and nurses were not blinded, which may influence self-reported measures. The bundled intervention prevents separating the app’s effect from nurse follow-up, and results may not generalize to settings with less caregiver support or fewer nursing resources.
Funding
Bank of China (Hong Kong) charity program; Hong Kong government research fund.
Clinical Application
Consider adding structured digital symptom reporting with rapid nurse follow-up to community palliative care to help maintain quality of life and reduce unplanned hospitalizations.
Journal Club
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Discussion question (1)
In this multicenter randomized clinical trial, does adding app-based weekly symptom monitoring with automated self-management guidance and nurse follow-up meaningfully improve HRQOL (EQ-5D-5L) enough to change your palliative-care workflow (mean difference in change at 18 weeks, −0.15 [95% CI, −0.21 to −0.10]) given lack of participant blinding and substantial attrition from death/loss to follow-up?
EBM quiz (1 question)
1. In this RCT, worsening unplanned hospitalization episodes by week 18 occurred in 17.2% (digital monitoring) vs 28.5% (usual care). Which option best interprets the ABSOLUTE risk reduction (ARR) from the intervention?
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